livingart

the dried section looks similar where that meet the rest of tail is there a redness all the way around tail?

you may need antibiotics to stop spread then let rest shrivel completely their tails are designed to break but can be hard to remove from an animal that is used to handling

a pic would be good to help get a better idea of it is the doctor in the house?

had that happen in a mangrove brackish water set up too much organic matter in the sand that came with their root system

so long as tail is not a bacterial infection from a scrape it may be just left to dry out some questions how did it start? was it looking like a graze to start with? any signs of damage at start of die off? skin ring left after shed constricting tail?

have a look at this it may help if not ask away on here http://www.fnzas.org.nz/fishroom/viewtopic.php?f=40&t=55152&hilit=gecko+tail&start=0

marine DSB minimum depth is 4inch recommended i have 3+inch and it seems to work on tropical and cold system

not only inverts but also microscopic life burrows through and turns over the sand this ensures that the aerobic areas of the DSB are turned over frequently supplying more oxygenated water and nutrients to feed the bacteria in this zone the same process also turns over the sand in the anaerobic areas, which frees the nitrogen gas trapped and allows more nitrate rich/oxygen deprived water to enter the zone for bacteria to feed on

fishless cycle produces an indeterminable amount of bacteria so how do you know how many fish to add to produce enough waste to match the amount of bacteria present in the tank or is it just a case of bung a few in and hope you've got it right if you don't match it up properly will you get a die off in your bacteria instigating another mini cycle

they aren't smart it's just cupboard love

so you are better to cycle with a few fish and water changes then

:slfg: i think it is a common complaint with fish

how are your water parameters and when was your last water change

yes it is they have a hang on back skimmer on trade me at the moment too

somebody tattooed stripes on a goldfish

the lol was from a few years of keeping gold fish and not had a problem with feeding from the surface i have seen problems with gas in the gastrointestinal tract though which can be corrected sometimes by feeding green peas i suppose if the oesophageal sphincter was weak it could allow air into the digestive tract or many commercial goldfish foods contain wheat and soy which can create gas in the colon caused by bacteria fermenting the starch or sugars found in them digestion of these starches by animals requires an enzyme produced by bacteria present in the gastrointestinal tract producing hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide it is also possible that high nitrates can affect the vascular mechanisms for controlling the amount of air in the swim bladder

:slfg:

if they did breed there is a good chance young will be sterile

you need to quantify your statements as you make them back on topic you can cycle a tank using chemicals to provide food for your bacteria to establish or you can use a few fish to do the same thing you can add chemicals to lower your ammonia etc or you can do a water change the slower you do the water change the less chance of shocking the fish

i use them on fresh and salt water

Need a stickied thread on the emergency management of toxic comments on the forum so much for first do no harm

conjecture and assumption are wonderful words for a newbie it needs to be straightforward and in layman's terms your average new hobbyist doesn't want long dissertations but a simple answer

it is rarely when you are trying to sort a cycling problem that the source and tank parameters are the same so massive changes can kill

does this help? http://www.calctool.org/CALC/eng/civil/hazen-williams_g